Mohamad Abdullah

Universiti Sains Malaysia | USM · Office of the Vice Chancellor

Coronavirus belonging to family Coronaviridae is a large group of viruses causing respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases. The outbreak of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has created panic in the whole world after being transmitted from Wuhan, China in December 2019. A large number of people are affected throughout the world that forced a soli...

A hormonal imbalance may disrupt the rigorously monitored cellular microenvironment by hampering the natural homeostatic mechanisms. The most common example of such hormonal glitch could be seen in obesity where the uprise in adipokine levels is in virtue of the expanding bulk of adipose tissue. Such aberrant endocrine signaling disrupts the regula...

The ethanolic extract of resinous sediment (EERS) of Etlingera elatior young inflorescence was examined for its anticancer effect and potential antioxidant activity. The anticancer effect of the EERS was evaluated on four human cancer cell lines, HCT 116, HT-29, Hela, and MCF-7, using the MTT assay. GC-MS analysis showed that the main components fo...

Background Vitex pubescens has been used traditionally in hypertension treatment but not yet scientifically assessed. The objective of the study is to investigate the antihypertensive and vasorelaxant activities of V. pubescens, study its underlying pharmacological mechanisms, and identify the relevant vasoactive compounds. Methods Successive extr...

Background: Moringa oleifera Lam. has been used traditionally for the treatment of different cardio-metabolic disorders. So, the aim was to assess its leaf extracts in metabolic syndrome rat model. Methods: Out of the total 36-rats, 6 rats were given normal matched diet (NMD) while the rest were provided high-fat diet and 20% fructose (HFD-20%F). M...

Morin (3,5,7,2′,4′-pentahydroxyflavone) is a yellow coloured natural flavonoid found in plants of the Moraceae family. This favonoid is easily sources from readily available fruits, vegetables and eve certain beverages. Among the sources that was identified, it is clear that morin is most abundantly found in almond, old fustic, Indian guava, and Os...

Introduction Labisia pumila has been reported to possess activities including antioxidant, anti-aging and anti-cancer but there is no report on its vasorelaxant effects. Objective This study aims to fractionate water extract of Labisia pumila, identify the compound(s) involved and elucidate the possible mechanism(s) of its vasorelaxant effects. M...

Objective: To evaluate vasorelaxant and vasoconstriction effects of Zingiber officinale var. rubrum (ZOVR) on live rats and isolated aortic rings of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Methods: Extracts of ZOVR were subjected to in-vivo antihypertensive screening using noninvasive blood pressures in SHRs. The most potent extract, ZOVR petrol...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Phyllanthus niruri have a long history of use in the traditional treatment of various ailments including hypertension. Literature reports have indicated that it is a potent antihypertensive herbal medication used traditionally. Aim of the study: This study was carried out to investigate the antihypertensive and va...

Background The leaves of Gongronema latifolium Benth. have long been recognized traditionally as a remedy for a variety of ailments in Africa. This study was conducted to evaluate the safety profile of the ethanolic extract of G. latifolium (GLES) leaves through a repeated dose 90-day oral toxicity study in male and female of Sprague Dawley rats....

Medicinal plants have been considered as promising sources of drugs in treating various cancers. Crinum amabile (C. amabile) , a plant species from the Amaryllidaceae family, is claimed to be a potential source for cancer chemotherapeutic compounds. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential of C. amabile as an anticancer agent. Dried leaves of C....

Previous studies have investigated the cardiovascular activity of Gynura procumbens Merr. single-solvent extracts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro vasorelaxant properties and the underlying pharmacological mechanisms of serial extracts and fractions of Gynura procumbens (GP). The leaves of GP were serially extracted with pe...

Background Garcinia atroviridis, is a well-known plant in South East Asia, commonly used in cooking and traditional medicine. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of ripe fruits (AqE-RFS) on the oxidative status of high-fat diet (HFD) induced hyperlipidemic rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats are divid...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Citrus reticulatae Pericarpium (Chen pi) was widely used as an important ingredient in the prescription of TCM to treat phlegm fluid retention type hypertension. Since Chen pi is involved in treatment as antihypertensive TCM formula, we have reasonable expectation in believing that it might possess vasorelaxant activ...

Purpose The present study was designed to investigate the underlying mechanism of cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic potential of ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) and its hydrophilic derivative potassium-p-methoxycinnamate (KPMC). Methods EPMC was isolated from Kaempferia galanga extract and its ethyl chain was replaced with potassium by KOH reflux to syn...

After the publication of this article [1] it came to our attention that one author, Boon Yin Khoo, was erroneously omitted from the authorship list.

The growth of adipose tissues is considered angiogenesis-dependent during non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We have recently reported that our standardized 50% methanolic extract (ME) of Phyllanthus niruri (50% ME of P. niruri) has alleviated NAFLD in Sprague–Dawley rats. This study aimed to assess the molecular mechanisms of action, and t...

Objective: The present study was carried out to investigate lipid-lowering effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Gynura procumbens in chemical-A nd high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Materials and Methods: The lipid-lowering effect of hydroalcoholic extracts was investigated in poloxamer-407 (P-407)-induced acute hyperlipidemic rat mod...

Background: Ethanolic extract of G. procumbens leaves has been previously shown to pos-sess antihyperlipidemic effects. Objective: This study was designed to prepare caffeoylquinic acids rich and poor fractions of the ethanol-ic extract using resin column technology and compare their antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant potentials. Results: Amon...

The seeds of Swietenia macrophylla King (SM) (Meliaceae) are used as a folk medicine for the treatment of hypertension in Malaysia. However, the antihypertensive and vasorelaxant effects of SM seeds are still not widely studied. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the in vivo antihypertensive effects and in vitro mechanism of vasorelaxatio...

Although Banxia Baizhu Tianma Tang (BBT) has been long administered for hypertensive treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the ratio of the herbal components that makes up the formulation has not been optimized with respect to the anti-hypertensive effect that it inherently possesses. A newly amended BBT (ABBT) formulation was developed...

Context: Vernonia amygdalina Del. (VA) (Asteraceae) is commonly used to treat hypertension in Malaysia. Objective: This study investigates the vasorelaxant mechanism of VA ethanol extract (VAE) and analyzes its tri-step FTIR spectroscopy fingerprint. Materials and methods: Dried VA leaves were extracted with ethanol through maceration and concentra...

Background: An aqueous extract (AE) of vinegar made from Nypa fruticans Wurmb. can improve postprandial glucose levels in normoglycaemic rats. The aim of this study was to evaluate its antihyperglycaemic activity further using in vivo and in vitro approaches. Methods: AE was administered to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats twice daily...

Uncaria rhynchophylla is one of the major components included in Traditional Chinese Medicine prescriptions for hypertensive treatment. Previous studies have suggested that U. rhynchophylla might contain vasodilation-mediating active compounds, especially indole alkaloids. Hence, this study was carried out to determine the vasodilatory effects of U...

Inflorescence of Musa species is one of the most commonly consumed vegetables in Southeast Asian region. In the present study, chemical composition and antioxidant potential of the ethanolic extract of inflorescence of Musa balbisiana Colla (MbCi) were evaluated. In addition, the extract was also subjected to cytotoxicity testing on a panel of huma...

Purpose: To explore the anti-diabetic effects of Moringa oleifera extracts and fractions, and to identify their active/marker compounds. Methods: Five different aqueous ethanol extracts (95, 75, 50, 25 %v/v and 100 % water) of Moringa oleifera were given orally to normal rats to assess their hypoglycemic activities and effect on intraperitoneal glu...

To decompose and reformulate Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction (BBT) in order to optimize its ratio for vasodilatory effect. The fingerprints of these six component herbs were also studied via Tri-step FTIR analysis.

Recently, a new syndromic disease combination theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for hypertensive treatment has been introduced. In the wake of this new concept, a new science-based TCM formula that counteracts various syndromes is needed. The objective of this study was to develop such a formula. Five of the most clinically prescribed TC...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Glycyrrhiza uralensis (G. uralensis) is one of the herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and serves as an envoy medicinal. Since G. uralensis plays a major role in the anti-hypertensive TCM formulae, we believe that G. uralensis might possess vasorelaxation activity. Aim of the study: This study is desi...

Objective: To investigate the antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effect of aqueous and methanol extract of leaves of Polygonum minus. Materials and methods: Acute antihyperlipidemic effect was studied on chemically induced hyperlipidemic rat model. Treated groups received aqueous and methanol extract of leaves of P. minus respectivel...

Gynura segetum (family Compositae) is a cultivated species and can be found growing in the tropical regions of Indonesia and Malaysia. The plant is known for its use for the treatment of cancer, inflammation, diabetes, hypertension and skin afflictions. In the current study, the methanol extract of Gynura segetum leaf was standardized by high-perfo...

The ethanolic extract of dried fruits of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) was tested for its gastroprotective effects in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Thirty patients were selected for the study and divided into three groups consisting of ten subjects each. Patients were given the ethanolic extract of P. emblica (Pe.Et), lactos...

Plants have provided sources to find novel compounds. These plants are being used as therapeutic purposes since the birth of mankind. The traditional healers normally utilize medicinal plants as crude drugs while scientists using the folk claim as guides to explore medicinal plants. Moringa oleifera is a famous edible plant having therapeutic and n...

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to investigate the activities of Malaysian local herbs (Clinacanthus nutans Lindau, Strobilanthes crispus, Murdannia bracteata, Elephantopus scaber Linn., Pereskia bleo, Pereskia grandifolia Haw., Vernonia amygdalina, and Swietenia macrophylla King) for anti-hypertensive and vasorelaxant activity. An infrared (...

A sequential solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was developed and validated using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) for the detection and quantification of salbutamol enantiomers in porcine urine. Porcine urine samples were hydrolysed with β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase from Helix pomatia and then...

This paper is a review on the types of antagonists and the signaling mechanism pathways that have been used to determine the mechanisms of action employed for vasodilation by test compounds. Thus, we exhaustively reviewed and analyzed reports related to this topic published in PubMed between the years of 2010 till 2015. The aim of this paperis to s...

Alstonia scholaris has been used by traditional medicine practitioners since the medieval ages for the treatment of diseases. The aim of this research was to evaluate the acute and sub-acute oral toxicity of its methanolic extract. The acute toxicity test was conducted using Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The methanolic extract of Alstonia scholaris ste...

In this study the antioxidant activity of C iners leaves standardized extract was evaluated. Cinnamomum iners leaves (methanol extract, chloroform fraction and subfraction 1) was standardized using cinnamic aldehyde. The phenolic and flavonoid content of C iners leaves and cinnamic aldehyde were determined in this study. In addition, the antioxidan...

Moringa oleifera is cognizant locally as mungai in Malaysia and commonly used traditionally. Therefore, the 14-day study was conducted on STZ-induced diabetic rats to evaluate the effect of 95% ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves on body weight, hyperglycemia and lipids. Group-I was negative diabetic control, received distilled water (10 m...

This study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic property of Cinnamomum iners leaves which were used traditionally to combat diabetes. Firstly, the antidiabetic activity of petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water extract of C. iners leaves was evaluated. Next, the potential extract which was the methanol extract was fractionated to o...

Tinospora crispa is an indigenous medicinal plant belonging to Menispermaceae family, known localy as "akar patawali" or as "akar seruntum". Different parts of this plant are used for various therapeutic purposes for treatment of hypertension, stimulation of appetite, protection from mosquito bites and to treat ailments like jaundice, wounds, intes...

Eugenia polyantha Wight (E. polyantha) has been widely used as culinary additives especially in Indonesia. This plant also used as medicinal herb to treat several illnesses like diarrhea, skin infection and diabetes. Three antioxidant assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of its four different extracts, petroleum ether (PE), chlorof...

In the present study, a 50% ethanolic extract of Orthosiphon stamineus was tested for its α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In vivo assays of the extract (containing 1.02%, 3.76%, and 3.03% of 3′hydroxy-5,6,7,4′-tetramethoxyflavone, sinensetin, and eupatorin, resp.) showed that it possessed an inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase in normal ra...

Syzygium polyanthum (S. polyanthum), a plant belonging to Myrtaceae, is widely used in Indonesian and Malaysian cuisines. Diabetic patients in Indonesia also commonly use it as a traditional medicine. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the antihyperglycemic effect of the methanol extract (ME) of S. polyanthum leaf and its possible mecha...

The abstract of this article has been published in a conference paper in Public Health Genomics. Abstract: Nypa fruticans Wurmb. vinegar, commonly known as nipa palm vinegar (NPV) has been used as a folklore medicine among the Malay community to treat diabetes. Early work has shown that aqueous extract (AE) of NPV exerts a potent antihyperglycemic...

To study the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of nipa palm vinegar (NPV) used in traditional Malay medicine for treating diabetes. NPV was extracted using liquid-liquid extraction method and the obtained samples were subjected to antidiabetic studies using normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat models whereas antidoxidant activities...

Objective: Gongronema latifolium is one of the African folk medicines for diabetes mellitus. Previous studies justified its use based on its antioxidant and glucose lowering potential. This study evaluated the effect of Gongronema latifolium ethanolic extract on blood glucose tolerance, β-cell effect, and in vitro glucose uptake. Materials and Met...

Natural plant extracts offer a promising hope in the prevention/treatment of cancer arising from genetic mutations. This study evaluated in vitro and in vivo mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of aqueous fraction of Myristica fragrans (AFMF) leaves on TA100 strain of Salmonella typhimurium and Mus musculus (Male Swiss albino mice), respectively. T...

Background This study evaluated the impact of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) on the transcription of key enzymes involved in cellular modulation of glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats in a bid to understand the possible anti-diabetic mechanism of VA. Methods The chloroform fraction of VA (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight) was administered...

Gongronema latifolium has been traditionally cooked as a vegetable soup and eaten as such for diabetes. Recent reports confirmed the antihyperglycemic effect of G. latifolium and attributed an insulin-like and an insulin-releasing activity to its extracts. This study reports, for the first time, the effect of G. latifolium ethanolic extract on β-ce...

The acute and sub-chronic antihyperglycaemic activity, safety margin evaluations and chemical composition of ethanol extract (EE) and fractions of Gynura procumbens (GP) were studied. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (SDRs) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines 425 and 407 were used in the antidia...

Background Recently, there has been increasing interest in Ficus deltoidea Jack. (Moraceae) due to its chemical composition and the potential health benefits. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of extracts of F. deltoidea leaves on diabetes. Methods The petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts of F. deltoidea were...

Background:Cinnamomum iners has been traditionally claimed to be consumed by diabetic patients as natural supplements. However, no scientific data is available to validate the folklore claim.. Hence, this study evaluated the antidiabetic mechanisms of active methanol extract, active chloroform fraction and active subfraction 1 of C. iners leaves wh...

Garcinia atroviridis is a seasonal fruit plant found in many parts of South East Asia. The fruit rind is used in cooking and traditionally consumed for various reasons including to lower blood cholesterol. A comparative study was undertaken to investigate the influence of extraction solvents and plant parts used on the lipid lowering and antioxidan...

Diabetes mellitus is predicted to become one of the world's main disablers and killers within the next 25 years. One of therapeutic approach for treating diabetes is to reduce postprandial hyperglycemia by inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-glucosidase and α-amylase. The objective of the present manuscript is to screen the in...

Gongronema latifolium, commonly known as “Utazi” in Nigeria, is one of the African folk medicines for diabetes mellitus. Previous studies justified its use based on its antioxidant and glucose lowering potential. In this study, the effect of the ethanolic extract of G. latifolium on blood glucose levels and the lipid profile were investigated using...

Enoyl–acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) is an important enzyme for the biosynthesis of mycolic acids which are central constituents of the mycobacterium cell wall. In the present study, we synthesized, characterized hydrophobic N-acylated isonicotinic acid hydrazide derivatives (2a–2m) as potential enoyl–acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) in...

The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate isolated from Kaempferia galanga. The anti-inflammatory effects of ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate were assessed using the cotton pellet granuloma assay in rats, whereby the levels of interleukin-1 and tumor necros...

A new series of isonicotinoyl hydrazone derivatives (3a–3o) have been synthesized, characterized and evaluated for in vitro antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv and two clinical isolates using tetrazolium microplate assay (TEMA). Some of these compounds showed moderate to good antimycobacterial activity at micro molar concentrat...

Our previous studies had showed that there was variation in the total phenolic contents with anti-oxidant activities of the field grown plants of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth (Lamiaceae). This study was hence carried out to evaluate the phenolic compound biosynthesis and the anti-oxidant activities of elicitor treated cells (ec) of O. stamineus comp...

There is currently a great deal of research interest in utilizing plant compounds against human diseases, including hypertension. The present study investigated the effects of different extracts and fractions from leaves of Gynura procumbens Merr. on rat atrial contraction in vitro. Isolated left and right atria, mounted in a 20-ml organ bath, were...

Orthosiphon stamineus Benth has been traditionally used to treat hypertension. The study aimed to investigate the vascular reactivity of water extract (WOS) and water : methanolic (1 : 1) extract (WMOS) of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth and AT 1 receptors blocker in the mechanisms of antihypertensive mediated by íµí»¼ 1 -adrenergic receptor and EDNO a...

Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae) is used to treat diabetes mellitus in Malaysia. This study aims to evaluate the anti-hyperglycaemic potential of petroleum ether (PE), chloroform (CE) and methanol (ME) extracts of S. macrophylla seeds, in normoglycaemic and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Following treatment of normoglycaemic rats...

Introduction Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists are widely used drugs in the treatment of diabetes and dyslipidemia. In addition to their metabolic effects, PPAR isoforms PPARα and PPARγ are also involved in the regulation of immune responses and inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a dual PPARγ...

Garcinia atroviridis, a member of Clusiaceae family, has gained much attention in recent years due to its ability to reduce body weight. The present study was carried out to investigate the antihyperlipidemic effects of aqueous and methanol extracts of different parts of G. atroviridis, namely ripe fruit with seeds (A), ripe fruit rind (B), unripe...

Garcinia mangostana is a tropical plant found commonly in South East Asia. This plant possesses anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiulcer, antiseptic and also showed prevention against oxidative damage of low density lipoprotein (LDL). The present study aimed to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic activity of the methanolic and aqueous extracts of va...

Background In the present study, we tested a 50% ethanolic extract of Orthosiphon stamineus plants and its isolated bioactive compound with respect to their α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities. Methods Bioactive flavonoid sinensetin was isolated from 50% ethanolic extract of Orthosiphon stamineus. The structure of this pure compound...

Orthosiphon stamineus is a popular folk medicine widely used to treat many diseases including diabetes. Previous studies have shown that the sub-fraction of chloroform extract was able to inhibit the rise of blood glucose levels in a glucose tolerance test. This study was carried out to evaluate the chronic effect and possible mechanism of action o...

Orthosiphon stamineus Benth has been traditionally used to treat hypertension. The study aimed to investigate the vascular reactivity of water extract (WOS) and water : methanolic (1 : 1) extract (WMOS) of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth and AT1 receptors blocker in the mechanisms of antihypertensive mediated by α 1-adrenergic receptor and EDNO and PGI...