Jianjun Zhao

Kyushu University | Kyudai · Department of Advanced Information Technology

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are continuously expanding their application to various domains due to their high performance. Nevertheless, a well-trained DNN after deployment could oftentimes raise errors during practical use in the operational environment due to the mismatching between distributions of the training dataset and the potential unknown...

Single-image deraining is rather challenging due to the unknown rain model. Existing methods often make specific assumptions of the rain model, which can hardly cover many diverse circumstances in the real world, compelling them to employ complex optimization or progressive refinement. This, however, significantly affects these methods' efficiency...

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are being widely applied for various real-world applications across domains due to their high performance (e.g., high accuracy on image classification). Nevertheless, a well-trained DNN after deployment could oftentimes raise errors during practical use in the operational environment due to the mismatching between distri...

As the GAN-based face image and video generation techniques, widely known as DeepFakes, have become more and more matured and realistic, there comes a pressing and urgent demand for effective DeepFakes detectors. Motivated by the fact that remote visual photoplethysmography (PPG) is made possible by monitoring the minuscule periodic changes of skin...

Quantum software plays a critical role in exploiting the full potential of quantum computing systems. As a result, it is drawing increasing attention recently. This paper defines the term "quantum software engineering" and introduces a quantum software life cycle. Based on these, the paper provides a comprehensive survey of the current state of the...

AngularJS is a popular framework for single page web applications. Due to separation of programming logic and GUI, the data and control flow in AngularJS applications are usually hard to track. We propose a white-box method for first integrating the separate concerns into one interaction diagram, which contains the overall data and control flow of...

As the GAN-based face image and video generation techniques, widely known as DeepFakes, have become more and more matured and realistic, the need for an effective DeepFakes detector has become imperative. Motivated by the fact that remote visual photoplethysmography (PPG) is made possible by monitoring the minuscule periodic changes of skin color d...

Over the past decade, deep learning (DL) has been successfully applied to many industrial domain-specific tasks. However, the current state-of-the-art DL software still suffers from quality issues, which raises great concern especially in the context of safety- and security-critical scenarios. Adversarial examples (AEs) represent a typical and impo...

Over the past decades, deep learning (DL) systems have achieved tremendous success and gained great popularity in various applications, such as intelligent machines, image processing, speech processing, and medical diagnostics. Deep neural networks are the key driving force behind its recent success, but still seem to be a magic black box lacking i...

Deep Learning (DL) has recently achieved tremendous success. A variety of DL frameworks and platforms play a key role to catalyze such progress. However, the differences in architecture designs and implementations of existing frameworks and platforms bring new challenges for DL software development and deployment. Till now, there is no study on how...

Deep Learning (DL) has achieved tremendous success in many cutting-edge applications. However, the state-of-the-art DL systems still suffer from quality issues. While some recent progress has been made on the analysis of feed-forward DL systems, little study has been done on the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)-based stateful DL systems, which are wi...

The past decade has seen the great potential of applying deep neural network (DNN) based software to safety-critical scenarios, such as autonomous driving. Similar to traditional software, DNNs could exhibit incorrect behaviors, caused by hidden defects, leading to severe accidents and losses. In this paper, we propose DeepHunter, a coverage-guided...

Deep learning (DL) defines a data-driven programming paradigm that automatically composes the system decision logic from the training data. In company with the data explosion and hardware acceleration during the past decade, DL achieves tremendous success in many cutting-edge applications. However, even the state-of-the-art DL systems still suffer...

Deep learning (DL) has recently achieved tremendous success in a variety of cutting-edge applications, e.g., image recognition, speech and natural language processing, and autonomous driving. Besides the available big data and hardware evolution, DL frameworks and platforms play a key role to catalyze the research, development, and deployment of DL...

Over the past decades, deep learning (DL) systems have achieved tremendous success and gained great popularity in various applications, such as intelligent machines, image processing, speech processing, and medical diagnostics. Deep neural networks are the key driving force behind its recent success, but still seem to be a magic black box lacking i...

Context Software development is increasingly dependent on existing libraries. Developers need help to find suitable library APIs. Although many studies have been proposed to recommend relevant functional APIs that can be invoked for implementing a functionality, few studies have paid attention to an orthogonal need associated with event-driven prog...

In company with the data explosion over the past decade, deep neural network (DNN) based software has experienced unprecedented leap and is becoming the key driving force of many novel industrial applications, including many safety-critical scenarios such as autonomous driving. Despite great success achieved in various human intelligence tasks, sim...

Deep learning (DL) defines a new data-driven programming paradigm that constructs the internal system logic of a crafted neuron network through a set of training data. We have seen wide adoption of DL in many safety-critical scenarios. However, a plethora of studies have shown that the state-of-the-art DL systems suffer from various vulnerabilities...

AngularJS is a popular framework for single page web applications. In AngularJS applications, the pro- gramming logic is implemented in Javascript, while the layout is defined separately in HTML files. Due to this separation, data and control flow is usually hard to track. We propose a method to visualize the data and control flow in AngularJS-base...

Deep learning (DL) has achieved remarkable progress over the past decade and been widely applied to many safety-critical applications. However, the robustness of DL systems recently receives great concerns, such as adversarial examples against computer vision systems, which could potentially result in severe consequences. Adopting testing technique...

Deep learning (DL) defines a new data-driven programming paradigm where the internal system logic is largely shaped by the training data. The standard way of evaluating DL models is to examine their performance on a test dataset. The quality of the test dataset is of great importance to gain confidence of the trained models. Using inadequate test d...

Model checking is a formal verification technique. It takes an exhaustively strategy to check hardware circuits and network protocols against desired properties. Having been developed for more than three decades, model checking is now playing an important role in software engineering for verifying rather complicated software artifacts. This paper s...

Deep learning defines a new data-driven programming paradigm that constructs the internal system logic of a crafted neuron network through a set of training data. Deep learning (DL) has been widely adopted in many safety-critical scenarios. However, a plethora of studies have shown that the state-of-the-art DL systems suffer from various vulnerabil...

Symbolic execution is widely used in many code analysis, testing, and verification tools. As symbolic execution exhaustively explores all feasible paths, it is quite time consuming. To handle the problem, researchers have paralleled existing symbolic execution tools (e.g., KLEE). In particular, Cloud9 is a widely used paralleled symbolic execution...

When debugging bugs, programmers often prepare test cases to reproduce buggy behaviours. However, for concurrent programs, test cases alone are typically insufficient to reproduce buggy behaviours, due to the nondeterminism of multi-threaded executions. In literature, various approaches have been proposed to reproduce buggy behaviours for concurren...

The proliferation of diverse kinds of programming languages and platforms makes it a common need to have the same functionality implemented in different languages for different platforms, such as Java for Android applications and C# for Windows phone applications. Although versions of code written in different languages appear syntactically quite d...

More and more mobile applications run on multiple mobile operating systems to attract more users of different platforms. Although versions on different platforms are implemented in different programming languages (e.g., Java and Objective-C), there must be many code snippets that implement the similar business logic on different platforms. Such cod...

Detecting lock-related defects has long been a hot research topic in software engineering. Many efforts have been spent on detecting such deadlocks in concurrent software systems. However, latent locks may be hidden in application programming interface (API) methods whose source code may not be accessible to developers. Many APIs have latent locks....

To attract more users on different platforms, many projects release their versions in multiple programming languages (e.g., Java and C#). They typically have many code snippets that implement similar functionalities, i.e., cross-language clones. Programmers often need to track and modify cross-language clones consistently to maintain similar functi...

Java virtual machine (JVM) is a core technology, whose reliability is critical. Testing JVM implementations requires painstaking effort in designing test classfiles (*.class) along with their test oracles. An alternative is to employ binary fuzzing to differentially test JVMs by blindly mutating seeding classfiles and then executing the resulting m...

Java virtual machine (JVM) is a core technology, whose reliability is critical. Testing JVM implementations requires painstaking effort in designing test classfiles (*.class) along with their test oracles. An alternative is to employ binary fuzzing to differentially test JVMs by blindly mutating seeding classfiles and then executing the resulting m...

Due to various considerations, programmers often need to backtrack their code. Furthermore, as the most recent edit may not be the wrong edit, programmers sometimes have to backtrack their code for arbitrary edits, which is referred as selective undo in this paper. To meet the needs, researchers have proposed various approaches to support selective...

Predictive trace analysis (PTA), a static trace analysis technique for concurrent programs, can offer powerful capability support for finding concurrency errors unseen in a previous program execution. Existing PTA techniques always face considerable challenges in scaling to large traces which contain numerous critical events. One main reason is tha...

Advanced-dispatching programming languages allow to implicitly alter the behaviour of a program, depending on run-time program context. While this improves modularity, it also impedes comprehensibility. The use of advanced-dispatching programming languages can give rise to complex debugging scenarios, which cannot efficiently be resolved with tradi...

Concurrency bugs do significantly affect system reliability. Although many efforts have been made to address this problem, there are still many bugs that cannot be detected because of the complexity of concurrent programs. Compared with atomicity violations, order violations are always neglected. Efficient and effective approaches to detecting orde...

Aspect-oriented software development (AOSD) has been developed for supporting a long-standing idea of Separation of Concerns (SoC) and enhancing software non-functional attributes including modularity, reusability, and maintainability. Many architectural description languages (ADLs) also provide software developers with support in specifying aspect...

Recently code transformations or tailored fitness functions are adopted to achieve coverage (structural or logical criterion) driven testing to ensure software reliability. However, some internal threats like negative impacts on underlying search strategies or local maximum exist. So we propose a dynamic symbolic execution (DSE) based framework com...

Points-to analysis is a static code analysis technique that establishes the relationships between variables of references and allocated objects. A number of points-to analysis algorithms have been proposed for procedural and object-oriented languages like C and Java, while few of them can be used for AspectJ as we know so far. One main reason is th...

With the extensive use of client-side JavaScript in web applications, web contents are becoming more dynamic than ever before. This poses significant challenges for search engines, because more web URLs are now embedded or hidden inside JavaScript code and most web crawlers are script-agnostic, significantly reducing the coverage of search engines....

During debugging processes, breakpoints are frequently used to inspect and understand the run-time program behavior. Although modern development environments provide con-venient breakpoint utilities, it mostly requires considerable human effort to create useful breakpoints. Before setting a breakpoint or typing a breakpoint condition, developers us...

X10 is a HPC (High Performance Computing) programming language proposed by IBM for supporting a PGAS (Partitioned Global Address Space) programming model offering a shared address space. The address space can be further partitioned into several logical locations where objects and activities (or threads) will be dynamically created. An analysis of l...

There is a common belief that structural properties of classes are important factors to determine their unit testability. However, few empirical studies have been conducted to examine the actual impact of structural properties of classes. In this paper, we employ multiple linear regression (MLR) and partial least square regression (PLSR) to investi...

Spectrum-based fault localization (SFL) is a lightweight automated diagnosis technique. However, when applied to object-oriented programs, its diagnostic accuracy is limited as suspicious statements are distributed in different classes. In this paper, we propose an approach to leveraging method call anomalies to improve the effectiveness of SFL tec...

Efficient tools are indispensable in the battle against software bugs. In this short paper, we introduce two techniques that target different phases of an interactive and iterative debugging session. To make slice-assisted log analysis practical to help fault diagnosis, slicing itself must be done instantaneously. We split the costly slicing comput...

As a classical data-flow analysis, reaching definitions analysis is the corner stone of various techniques, such as code optimization and program slicing. The built-in data-flow analysis framework in Soot has been implemented in the traditional iterative style. While being able to meet general requirements for implementation of data flow analyses,...

Programmers extensively use application programming interfaces (APIs) to leverage existing libraries and frameworks. However, correctly and efficiently choosing and using APIs from unfamiliar libraries and frameworks is still a non-trivial task. Programmers often need to ruminate on API documentations (that are often incomplete) or inspect code exa...

The information of execution frequencies of virtual call targets is valuable for program analyses and optimizations of object-oriented programs. However, to obtain this information, most of the existing approaches rely on dynamic profiling. They usually require running the programs with representative workloads, which are often absent in practice....

Logs are valuable for failure diagnosis and software debugging in practice. However, due to the ad-hoc style of inserting logging statements, the quality of logs can hardly be guaranteed. In case of a system failure, the log file may contain a large number of irrelevant logs, while crucial clues to the root cause may still be missing. In this paper...

Probabilistic points-to analysis is an analysis technique for defining the probabilities on the points-to relations in programs. It provides the compiler with some optimization chances such as speculative dead store elimination, speculative redundancy elimination, and speculative code scheduling. Although several static probabilistic points-to anal...

Static analysis tools have been widely used to detect potential defects without executing programs. It helps programmers raise the awareness about subtle correctness issues in the early stage. However, static defect detection tools face the high false positive rate problem. Therefore, programmers have to spend a considerable amount of time on scree...

Multithreaded concurrent programs often exhibit bugs due to unintended interferences among the concurrent threads. Such bugs are often hard to reproduce because they typically happen under very specific interleaving of the executing threads. Basically, it is very hard to fix a bug (or software failure) in concurrent programs without being able to r...

During debugging processes, breakpoints are frequently used to inspect and understand runtime behaviors of programs. Although most development environments offer convenient breakpoint facilities, the use of these environments usually requires considerable human efforts in order to generate useful breakpoints. Before setting breakpoints or typing br...

Adaptive Random Testing (ART) is a testing technique which is based on an observation that a test input usually has the same potential as its neighbors in detection of a specific program defect. ART helps to improve the efficiency of random testing in that test inputs are selected evenly across the input spaces. However, the application of ART to o...

Program call graph representation can be used to sup- port many tasks in compiler optimization, program compre- hension, and software maintenance. During software evo- lution, the call graph needs to remain fairly precise and be updated quickly in response to software changes. In this paper, we present an approach to incremental update, in- stead o...

Program dierencing is a common means of software de- bugging. Although many dierencing algorithms have been proposed for procedural and object-oriented languages like C and Java, there is no dierencing algorithm for aspect- oriented languages so far. In this paper we propose an ap- proach for dierence analysis of aspect-oriented programs. The propo...

Test case prioritization techniques have been empirically proved to be effective in improving the rate of fault detection in regression testing. However, most of previous techniques assume that all the faults have equal severity, which dose not meet the practice. In addition, because most of the existing techniques rely on the information gained fr...

Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) is gaining popularity with the wider adoption of languages such as AspectJ. During AspectJ software evolution, when regression tests fail, it may be tedious for programmers to find out the failure-inducing changes by manually inspecting all code editing. To eliminate the expensive effort spent on debugging, we deve...

Abstract Points-to analysis is a fundamental,analysis technique whose results are useful in compiler optimization and soft- ware engineering tools. Although many points-to analysis algorithms have been proposed for procedural and object- oriented languages like C and Java, there is no points- to analysis for aspect-oriented languages so far. Based...

Change impact analysis is a useful technique for soft- ware evolution. It determines the effects of a source edit- ing session and provides valuable feedbacks to the pro- grammers for making correct decisions. Recently, many techniques have been proposed to support change impact analysis of procedural or object-oriented software, but sel- dom effor...

We discussed some open research issues that should be addressed in the comprehension and maintenance of AO software, and gave a brief overview of the work in progress in this area. Some research results are quite encouraging, but many work still needs to be done to support the maintenance of AO software.

In this paper, we propose a fine-grained coupling metrics suite for aspect-oriented (AO) systems, to measure software changes during system evolution. We also present a correlation model in terms of intermediate processes, for better evaluating the relation between coupling metrics and system maintainability. To investigate the practicability of ou...

Software reuse is a promising and attractive concept for improving software productivity, quality and time to market. However, a series of problems will often be encountered when considering reuse in a completely general context, including incompatible variability assumption, architecture mismatch, inability for more specific problem, etc. So a mor...

Aspect-oriented software development (AOSD) is gaining popular- ity with the wider adoption of languages such as AspectJ. However, though the state-of-the-art aspect-oriented programming environ- ment (such as AJDT in the Eclipse IDE) provides powerful capa- bilities to check the syntactic or grammar errors in AspectJ pro- grams, it fails to detect...

When regression tests fail unexpectedly after a long session of edit- ing, it may be tedious for programmers to find out the failure- inducing changes by manually inspecting all code edits. To elimi- nate the expensive effort spent on debugging, we present a hybrid approach, which combines both static and dynamic analysis tech- niques, to automatic...

To reduce the manual effort of assessing potential affected program parts during software evolution, we develop a tool, called Celadon, which automates the change impact analysis for AspectJ programs. Celadon is implemented in the context of the Eclipse environment and designed as a plugin. It analyzes the source code of two As- pectJ software vers...

As Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) wins more and more pop-ularity, there is increasing interest in using aspects to implement crosscutting concerns in object-oriented software. During software evolution, source code editing and testing are interleaved activities to assure code quality. If regression tests fail unexpectedly after a long session of...

The effective assessment of emerging modularization technologies plays a pivotal role on: (i) a better understanding of their real benefits and drawbacks when compared to conventional development techniques, and (ii) their effective transfer to mainstream software development. This report is intended to summarize the results of the 1st Internationa...

Bug patterns are erroneous code idioms or bad coding practices that have been proved fail time and time again. They mainly arise from the misunderstanding of language features, the use of erroneous design patterns or simple mistakes sharing the common behaviors. Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) is a new technique to separate the cross-cutting conc...

Program verification is a promising approach to improving program quality. To formally verify aspect- oriented programs, we have to find a way to formally specify programs written in aspect-oriented languages. Pipa is a BISL tailored to AspectJ for specifying AspectJ programs. However, Pipa has not provided specification method for pointcuts in Asp...

A number of new modularization techniques are emerging to cope with the challenges of contemporary software engineering, such as aspect-oriented software development (AOSD), feature-oriented programming (FOP), and the like. The effective assessment of such emerging modularization technologies plays a pivotal role on: (i) a better understanding of t...

Aspect-oriented software development is gaining popularity with the adoption of aspect-oriented languages in writing programs. To reduce the manual effort in assuring the quality of aspect-oriented programs, we have developed a set of techniques and tools for automated testing of aspect-oriented programs. This position pa-per presents our perspecti...

Coupling is an internal software attribute that can be used to indicate the degree of system interdependence among,the components of a software. Coupling is thought to be a desirable goal in software construction, leading to better values for maintainability, reusability and reliability. Although several coupling frameworks and coupling metrics hav...

Aspect-oriented software development is gaining popularity with the adoption of languages such as AspectJ. Testing is an important part in any software development, including aspect-oriented development. To automate generation of unit tests for AspectJ programs, we can apply the existing tools that automate generation of unit tests for Java program...