Vincent O. Nyangaresi

• Doctor of Philosophy
• University of Nairobi

Internet of Drones (IoD) plays a critical role in remote monitoring operations. It has been heavily deployed in applications such as traffic management, air traffic control, disaster and agricultural monitoring. In such operations, high volumes of sensitive and private data is collected and transmitted to the ground stations. The usage of unreliabl...

The Fifth Generation (5G) networks have enabled the development of smart cities, in which massive amounts of data are collected, stored and disseminated. The ultimate objective of these smart cities is to cut costs and improve security performance. In this environment, Internet of Vehicles (IoV) helps connect vehicles, pedestrians, control rooms an...

The vast majority of strokes are caused by an unexpected occlusion of the blood vessels that supply the brain and the heart arteries. Early detection of the many warning symptoms of stroke can help reduce the severity of the stroke and save the patient's life. Although researchers have proposed a variety of diagnostic methods to detect this disease...

Obfuscated malware poses a significant threat to personal and IoT devices, and traditional detection methods often face significant challenges and weaknesses in their capabilities and performance. This study proposes a malware detection approach using Machine Learning (ML) algorithms and a soft voting ensemble technique, enhanced by the Pearson's c...

Smart grids collect real-time power consumption reports that are then forwarded to the utility service providers over the public communication channels. Compared with the traditional power grids, smart grids integrate information and communication technologies, cyber physical systems, power generation and distribution domains to enhance flexibility...

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are infrastructure-independent wireless networks where nodes communicate directly or through relays without a central base station. Routing protocols employed in MANETs face numerous challenges due to their limited resources. Cross-layer optimization is fundamental to conserving energy and achieving quality of servic...

In today’s fast-paced world, many elderly individuals struggle to adhere to their medication schedules, especially those with memory-related conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, leading to serious health risks, hospitalizations, and increased healthcare costs. Traditional reminder systems often fail due to a lack of personalization and real-time in...

In today's rapidly evolving digital landscape, the demand for multimedia applications is surging, driven by significant advancements in computer and storage technologies that enable efficient compression and storage of visual data in large-scale databases. However, challenges such as inaccuracy, inefficiency, and suboptimal precision and recall in...

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have facilitated remote monitoring of patients’ vital physiological data to facilitate timely diagnosis and appropriate responses during emergency cases. This has also minimized the stress on the limited medical resources in the hospitals. However, the transmission of personal and sensitive patient information ac...

The traditional medical professional-based continuous patient monitoring is cumbersome, inefficient, tiresome and expensive. As such, smart health applications such as wireless body area networks have been developed to cope up with these challenges. However, the communication between medical professionals and the intelligent medical sensors located...

Authentication of vehicles and users, integrity of exchanged messages, and privacy preservation are essential features in VANETs. VANETs are used to collect information on road conditions, vehicle location and speed, and traffic congestion data. The open exchange of information within VANETs poses serious security threats. Furthermore, existing sch...

Wireless body area networks are crucial for the remote monitoring and treatment of patients. As such, these networks can potentially lower healthcare costs and boost efficiency during response to patients’ emergency situations such as heart attacks. In spite of this, security and privacy challenges may impede the effective implementation of wireles...

Intelligent precision agriculture incorporates a number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and drones to supervise agricultural activities and surroundings. The collected data are then forwarded to processing centers to facilitate crucial decisions. This can potentially help optimize the usage of agricultural resources and thwart disasters, enhanc...

The classification of Arabic geographical research papers presents a unique challenge due to linguistic complexities and the absence of standardized datasets. In this study, we introduce a novel approach by creating a new dataset, comprising Arabic texts extracted from geographical research papers including research files, abstracts and geographica...

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have performed exceptionally well in various computer vision tasks. Previously, researchers relied on feature extraction and then classification. With CNNs, feature extraction and classification are performed in a single step. Therefore, incorporating a set of convolutional neural networks, known as an ensemble,...

Diabetes is one of the most dangerous diseases that a significant number of people worldwide. An accurate and timely diagnosis of diabetes helps to minimise the overall prevalence of the illness and save the lives of diagnosed individuals. Researchers have proposed a number of diagnostic procedures for the identification of diabetes, but such metho...

The application of computer vision has recently gained significant interest with SOM as a promising tool for recognizing patterns and images. In this work, the authors develop a new SOM-based framework that aims to improve the performance and robustness of important functions, including feature extraction, classification and image segmentation. Tak...

Facial recognition, a critical tool in security and surveillance, faces challenges in low-light conditions. Traditional methods struggle with poor illumination, but infrared imaging offers a solution by capturing heat signatures. However, thermal images lack detail. This research proposes an AI-driven framework that integrates thermal and visual da...

The Internet of Health Things (IoHT) is a network of healthcare devices, software, and systems that enable remote monitoring and healthcare services by gathering real-time health data through sensors. Despite its significant benefits for modern smart healthcare, IoHT faces growing security challenges due to the limited processing power, storage cap...

Oil and gas fields represent the backbone of industries. Such industries are exposed to many physical risks, such as sabotage and oil and gas leaks, theft of equipment, and technological hazards (e.g., exposure to hacking of security and sensitive information by attackers). In this regard, a variety of decentralized studies still suffer from storag...

Globally, technology has developed in various sectors to improve individuals' quality of life and safety. Monitoring and surveillance systems are critical components in different industries' infrastructure. Monitoring and surveillance systems based IoT have enhanced promptly in recent years, integrating with sophisticated technologies such as block...

Smart cities amalgamate technologies such as Internet of Things, big data analytics, and cloud computing to collect and analyze large volumes of data from varied sources which facilitate intelligent surveillance, enhanced energy management systems, and environmental monitoring. The ultimate goal of these smart cities is to offer city residents with...

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) represent an environment in which mobility exceeds the normal values, topology changes rapidly, and safety constraints are too high. The fundamental problem with VANETs is making transmission, acceptance, and sending out of messages between vehicles as timely, reliable, and secure as possible. The current study ai...

E-Government is used to provide various services to citizens via an online portal and is currently available in many countries. Current e-government technology is supported by an extensive, centrally controlled database and a collection of applications linked to it through web interfaces. However, e-government depends too much on centralization. E-...

Fog computing enhances traditional cloud computing by bringing resources closer to edge devices, enabling faster response times and supporting mission-critical applications. However, its distributed nature makes it vulnerable to cyber-attacks like distributed denial-of-service (DDoS), resulting in service disruption and performance degradation. To...

To reduce communication latency and improve vehicular communication, it is crucial to integrate a fog-based mobile crowdsensing (FBMCS) system with the rapidly evolving Internet of Vehicles (IoV). A four-tier FBMCS architecture is proposed for IoV environments, partitioned into smart vehicles, vehicular fog, fog gateway, and cloud services. An exte...

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) provide intelligent navigation and efficient route management, resulting in time savings and cost reductions in the transportation sector. However, the exchange of beacons and messages over public channels among vehicles and roadside units renders these networks vulnerable to numerous attacks and privacy violation...

Successful medical treatment for patients with COVID-19 requires rapid and accurate diagnosis. Fighting the COVID-19 pandemic requires an automated system to diagnose the virus on Chest X-Ray (CXR) images. CXR images are frequently used in healthcare as they offer the potential for rapid and accurate disease diagnosis. SARS-CoV-2 targets the respir...

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a persistent health issue, and risk prognosis is very important because it creates opportunities for doctors to provide early solutions. Despite such promising results, this type of analysis runs into several problems, such as accurately handling high-dimensional data because of the abundance of extracted information...

In recent years, wearable devices-based Human Activity Recognition (HAR) models have received significant attention. Previously developed HAR models use hand-crafted features to recognize human activities, leading to the extraction of basic features. The images captured by wearable sensors contain advanced features, allowing them to be analyzed by...

Trust and energy efficiency are key requirements in remote sensing devices, which are frequently deployed in electronic commerce supply chain management. This remote sensing is facilitated by wireless sensor networks (WSNs) which have been integrated into the e-commerce landscape. These WSNs provide various services, including product tracking, mon...

Detection of the similarity between files is a requirement for many practical applications, such as copyright protection, file management, plagiarism detection, and detecting duplicate submissions of scientific articles to multiple journals or conferences. Existing methods have not taken into consideration file privacy, which prevents their use in...

Advancements in cloud computing, flying ad-hoc networks, wireless sensor networks, artificial intelligence, big data, 5th generation mobile network and internet of things have led to the development of smart cities. Owing to their massive interconnectedness, high volumes of data are collected and exchanged over the public internet. Therefore, the e...

This study presents a systematic literature review on blockchain-based authentication in smart environments that include smart city, smart home, smart grid, smart healthcare, smart farming and smart transportation. The review incorporated 39 articles presenting blockchain solutions for security and privacy issues through authentication mechanisms i...

Chronic heart disease (CHD) is a widespread and persistent health challenge that demands immediate attention. Early detection and accurate diagnosis are essential for effective treatment and management of this condition. To overcome this difficulty, we created a state-of-the-art IoT-Based Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring System that provides re...

Smart grids integrate information technology, decision support systems, communication networks, and sensing technologies. All these components cooperate to facilitate dynamic power adjustments based on received client consumption reports. Although this brings forth energy efficiency, the transmission of sensitive data over the public internet expos...

Sentiment analysis has attracted huge interest, which has been a trend topic in last years. It has significant applications in several areas, such as marketing based on opinion recognition and mining, movie reviews, product reviews, and healthcare-based sentiment understanding. In this paper, COVID-19 vaccine has been considered as an experimental...

Advanced diagnostic methods are necessary for the prompt and reliable identification of tuberculosis (TB), which continues to be a worldwide health problem. Globally, there were projected to be 10 million new cases of tuberculosis in 2021, of which 9.8 million affected adults and 0.2 million children. About 15% of fatalities worldwide are attributa...

Outsourcing data to remote cloud providers is becoming increasingly popular amongst organizations and individuals. A semi-trusted server uses Searchable Symmetric Encryption (SSE) to keep the search information under acceptable leakage levels whilst searching an encrypted database. A dynamic SSE (DSSE) scheme enables the adding and removing of docu...

Internet of Drones (IoD) has been deployed in numerous military and civilian domains to offer services such as target surveillance, traffic monitoring, disaster handling and environmental monitoring. However, message exchanges among the drones and ground station servers are via insecure wireless channels. In addition, drones may be deployed in host...

The biggest challenge the deaf and dumb group faces is that individuals around them do not understand sign language, which they use to communicate with one another. Written communication is slower than face‐to‐face contact, despite the fact that it can be used. Many sign languages have been developed around the world because they are more effective...

This work proposes an efficient and effective technique for determining the size of neoplasms in the brain using image processing. The cerebral hemispheres make up the largest part of the human brain, and abnormal growth of cells within them can lead to the development of neoplasms, or brain tumors. Many tumors are believed to occur for unknown rea...

The proliferation of the internet of things (IoT) has led to the emergence of a wide range of intelligent devices, creating a broad domain with significant security concerns. These concerns impose a high level of security; unfortunately, IoT devices usually have limited resources in terms of little memory, low computing power, and a short battery l...

Untrusted servers are servers or storage entities lacking complete trust from the data owner or users. This characterization implies that the server hosting encrypted data may not enjoy full trust from data owners or users, stemming from apprehensions related to potential security breaches, unauthorized access, or other security risks. The security...

Internet of Drones (IoD) has been deployed in numerous military and civilian domains to offer services such as target surveillance, traffic monitoring, disaster handling and environmental monitoring. However, message exchanges among the drones and ground station servers are via insecure wireless channels. In addition, drones may be deployed in host...

The incorporation of information and communication technologies in the power grids has greatly enhanced efficiency in the management of demand-responses. In addition, smart grids have seen considerable minimization in energy consumption and enhancement in power supply quality. However, the transmission of control and consumption information over op...

This study presents a lightweight, secure audio steganography system for hiding text messages for transmission over the Internet, with the aim of addressing the current problems of high computational cost and insufficient security identified in earlier studies. We propose a two-phase functioning mechanism. Text characters are first transformed into...

The ability to identify asymptotic scattering is critical for the continuous operation of modern combat systems. In the active sonar equation, acoustic target strength is crucial. The plane-wave propagation target strength equation predicts far-field reradiated intensity. Submarines defend themselves by being invisible. Sonar can be used to detect...

The process of controlling the flow of products and services from a company by encompassing each stage involved in transforming raw materials and parts into finished items, also delivering them to the final consumer is known as Supply Chain Management (SCM). The development of numerous smart city applications including smart grids, smart homes, sma...

Rich natural resources such as fertilizers, environment, groundwater, rivers, and land are abundant in many countries. Agriculture is the primary source of income for the people living in different countries. There have not been shortages of resources like river water and groundwater, in recent decades. But, the lack of knowledge on how to use thos...

This paper investigates Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) using an ensemble of three cutting-edge deep learning architectures: Xception, MobileNet, and Inception. This ensemble approach demonstrated exceptional retrieval accuracy, with Xception and Inception models achieving an accuracy of 92.375%, precision and recall of 93% and 92% respectivel...

In order to achieve real-time rendering of cloud gaming, a large amount of computing resources of graphics processing units (GPU) are required. In this paper, we propose a multi-GPU parallel pipeline rendering approach that makes full use the computing power of multiple GPUs to accelerate real-time ray tracing rendering effectively. This approach e...

One of the segmentation techniques with the greatest degree of success used in numerous recent applications is multi-level thresholding. The selection of appropriate threshold values presents difficulties for traditional methods, however, and, as a result, techniques have been developed to address these difficulties multidimensionally. Such approac...

Unmanned aerial vehicles offer services such as military reconnaissance in potentially adversarial controlled regions. In addition, they have been deployed in civilian critical infrastructure monitoring. In this environment, real-time and massive data is exchanged between the aerial vehicles and the ground control stations. Depending on the mission...

Unmanned aerial vehicles have found applications in fields such as environmental monitoring and the military. Although the collected data in some of these application domains are sensitive, public channels are deployed during the communication process. Therefore, many protocols have been presented to preserve the confidentiality and integrity of th...

There is a lack of extensive research on the development of smart universities (SU). The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of knowledge management (KM) on the development of SU (DSU) in Iraq. According to the knowledge-based view (KBV), resource-based view (RBV), and KM capability model, this study suggests that the KM process (KMP) an...

In order to achieve real-time rendering of cloud gaming, a large amount of computing resources of graphics processing units (GPU) are required. In this paper, we propose a multi-GPU parallel pipeline rendering approach that makes full use the computing power of multiple GPUs to accelerate real-time ray tracing rendering effectively. This approach e...

Precision agriculture encompasses automation and application of a wide range of information technology devices to improve farm output. In this environment, smart devices collect and exchange a massive number of messages with other devices and servers over public channels. Consequently, smart farming is exposed to diverse attacks, which can have ser...

Precision agriculture encompasses automation and application of a wide range of information technology devices to improve farm output. In this environment, smart devices collect and exchange a massive number of messages with other devices and servers over public channels. Consequently, smart farming is exposed to diverse attacks, which can have ser...

Patients' data constitutes the vast majority of information exchanged over the Internet. The magnitude of maintaining its security and privacy directly correlates to the importance and privacy of the patients themselves. The manipulation of this data negatively impacts the patient's life and treatment, thus the researchers were inclined to find sol...

AI and machine learning are increasingly often applied in the medical industry. The COVID‐19 epidemic will start to spread quickly over the planet around the start of 2020. At hospitals, there were more patients than there were beds. It was challenging for medical personnel to identify the patient who needed treatment right away. A machine learning...

Wireless networks have continued to evolve to offer connectivity between users and smart devices such as drones and wireless sensor nodes. In this environment, insecure public channels are deployed to link the users to their remote smart devices. Some of the application areas of these smart devices include military surveillance and healthcare monit...

Edge detection is a critical component of many elements of image processing applications and computer visu-alization, such as image segmentation, detection of imperfections in industrial products, medical image processing, and object identification. The edge detection technique seeks to accelerate image analysis by limiting the quantity of informat...

Edge detection is a critical component of many elements of image processing applications and computer visualization, such as image segmentation, detection of imperfections in industrial products, medical image processing, and object identification. The edge detection technique seeks to accelerate image analysis by limiting the quantity of informati...

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has specified the 5G Authentication and Key Agreement (5G AKA) protocol for handover authentication. However, this protocol is susceptible to a myriad of attacks such as man-in-the-middle, denial of service, impersonation, jamming and packet replays. In addition, it fails to offer perfect forward key se...

Elsevier Ad hoc Networks publication recognition

Wireless body area networks have gained popularity due to their ability to enhance efficiency, flexibility, convenience and the quality of life. In this environment, the patient physiological data is collected by the biosensors and transmitted over public channels to remote servers. Here, the data is analyzed to facilitate decision making such as i...

The advancement of systems with the capacity to compress audio signals and simultaneously secure is a highly attractive research subject. This is because of the need to enhance storage usage and speed up the transmission of data, as well as securing the transmission of sensitive signals over limited and insecure communication channels. Thus, many r...

The Internet of Things (IoT) devices have been deployed to realize smart environments such as smart cities, smart homes, smart health and smart grids. In these domains, the IoT devices collect and forward high volumes of sensitive and private data. It is therefore important that security schemes be developed to protect the exchanged data. In this r...

Compared with rasterization rendering, ray tracing rendering can improve the image's visual effect and make the image look more realistic. Real-time ray tracing requires very high computing power of graphics processing unit (GPU). When the number of GPUs is limited and the performance of a single GPU cannot be fully utilized, high rendering latency...

The information obtained from external sources within the cloud and the resulting computations are not always reliable. This is attributed to the absence of tangible regulations and information management on the part of the information owners. Although numerous techniques for safeguarding and securing external information have been developed, secur...

Internet of Things (IoT) security is a major concern owing to the sensitive data that flows in these networks. The fifth generation (5G) network provides high bandwidth, endearing it as an ideal underlying network for IoT communication. In addition, 5G can facilitate seamless integration of 2G, 3G, 4G, and WiFi to realize faster services,high capac...

The beyond 5G networks (B5G) are characterized by high throughputs at extremely low latencies and better energy consumptions. This has seen them being deployed as the backbone of numerous Internet of Things (IoT) application domains such as smart homes, smart cities and in intelligent transport systems. Massive and private data flows in these ultra...

Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) has greatly improved safety and quality of services in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). However, the deployed Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) protocol broadcasts messages after every 100-300ms. This presents some challenges in message validation within this short duration. As such, most of the current...