Khairunnisa Hasikin

• Doctor of Philosophy
• University of Malaya

Purpose This paper aims to determine the perception and acceptance of a carbon-neutral lifestyle among Universiti Malaya (UM) first-year students, covering eight core areas of sustainable campus as listed in the UM Eco-Campus Blueprint that is in accordance with Universitas Indonesia GreenMetric and sustainable development goals. The measurement an...

Urban forests are essential in mitigating climate change by providing ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration and stormwater runoff reduction. The climate of Kuala Lumpur, where Rimba Ilmu is located, is classified as equatorial rainforest under the Köppen-Geiger system. These climatic conditions, together with high humidity and minimal sea...

Segmentation of brain tumors in low-quality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains a challenge, especially in resource-limited regions such as sub-Saharan Africa. Variations in MRI data quality lead to poor model generalization, and low-quality data is difficult to acquire and annotate. To address these issues, this article proposes a few-shot cr...

Temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) are critical tools for capturing the dynamic nature of facts that evolve over time, making them highly valuable in a broad spectrum of intelligent applications. In the domain of temporal knowledge graph extrapolation reasoning, the prediction of future occurrences is of great significance and presents considerable o...

Accurately predicting the life expectancy of medical devices is crucial in optimizing healthcare operations, managing costs, and ensuring patient safety. Medical devices in clinical environments must be maintained, replaced, or refurbished on time to prevent malfunctions that could compromise patient care. The prediction of the Remaining Useful Lif...

With the increasing availability of diverse healthcare data sources, such as medical images and electronic health records, there is a growing need to effectively integrate and fuse this multimodal data for comprehensive analysis and decision-making. However, despite its potential, multimodal data fusion in healthcare remains limited. This review pa...

Background Bacterial image analysis plays a vital role in various fields, providing valuable information and insights for studying bacterial structural biology, diagnosing and treating infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria, discovering and developing drugs that can combat bacterial infections, etc. As a result, it has prompted efforts t...

This project employs artificial intelligence, including machine learning and deep learning, to assess COVID-19 readmission risk in Malaysia. It offers tools to mitigate healthcare resource strain and enhance patient outcomes. This study outlines a methodology for classifying COVID-19 readmissions. It starts with dataset description and pre-processi...

Web applications are important for various online businesses and operations because of their platform stability and low operation cost. The increasing usage of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices within a network has contributed to the rise of network intrusion issues due to malicious Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). Generally, malicious URLs are ini...

Background Breast cancer remains a pressing global health concern, necessitating accurate diagnostics for effective interventions. Deep learning models (AlexNet, ResNet-50, VGG16, GoogLeNet) show remarkable microcalcification identification (>90%). However, distinct architectures and methodologies pose challenges. We propose an ensemble model, merg...

Background Maintaining machines effectively continues to be a challenge for industrial organisations, which frequently employ reactive or premeditated methods. Recent research has begun to shift its attention towards the application of Predictive Maintenance (PdM) and Digital Twins (DT) principles in order to improve maintenance processes. PdM tech...

Background This study introduced a novel approach for predicting occupational injury severity by leveraging deep learning-based text classification techniques to analyze unstructured narratives. Unlike conventional methods that rely on structured data, our approach recognizes the richness of information within injury narrative descriptions with the...

Background Malaria is a serious public health concern worldwide. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for controlling the disease’s spread and avoiding severe health complications. Manual examination of blood smear samples by skilled technicians is a time-consuming aspect of the conventional malaria diagnosis toolbox. Malaria persists in many...

Early detection of knee osteoarthritis is crucial because the damage in the knee joint is irreversible at the advanced stage. Medical images such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging plays an important role in knee osteoarthritis diagnosis as it provides excellent visualization of the osteoarthritis imaging biomarkers. Current clinical practice relies on...

The gold standard for diagnosing malaria remains microscopic examination; however, its application is frequently impeded by the lack of a standardized framework that guarantees uniformity and quality, particularly in scenarios with limited resources and high volume. This study suggests a novel and highly effective automated diagnostic approach that...

Diabetes Retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of Diabetes Mellitus and can lead to blindness if not detected early. Since DR is often asymptomatic in its early stage, timely diagnosis is crucial. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to facilitate early disease detection and treatment, but its implementation in the medical fiel...

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition affecting millions worldwide, posing significant health and economic burdens. Characterized by the degeneration of joint cartilage, the progression of knee OA varies significantly among individuals, making its prediction a complex issue. Previous studies on automated knee OA diagnosi...

Using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) as a green reagent is a step toward producing environmentally friendly and sustainable technology. This study screened three natural DESs developed using quaternary ammonium salt and organic acid to analyse their capability to extract nickel ions from contaminated mangrove soil, which are ChCl: Acetic A...

Since knee osteoarthritis is a 3D complexity, one of the most effective tools to diagnose this disease is through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Due to the 3D nature of the MRI scans, different 3D deep learning models related to osteoarthritis diagnosis have been proposed, but they are mostly single-task models. This study aims to offer a comput...

Garbage pollution is an increasing global concern. Hence, the adoption of innovative solutions is important for controlling garbage pollution. In order to develop an efficient cleaner robot, it is very crucial to obtain visual information of floating garbage on the river. Deep learning has been actively applied over the past few years to tackle var...

A common difficulty in building prediction models with real-world environmental datasets is the skewed distribution of classes. There are significantly more samples for day-to-day classes, while rare events such as polluted classes are uncommon. Consequently, the limited availability of minority outcomes lowers the classifier’s overall reliability....

Background Increased afterload in aortic stenosis (AS) induces left ventricle (LV) remodeling to preserve a normal ejection fraction. This compensatory response can become maladaptive and manifest with motion abnormality. It is a clinical challenge to identify contractile and relaxation dysfunction during early subclinical stage to prevent irrevers...

Background The environment has been significantly impacted by rapid urbanization, leading to a need for changes in climate change and pollution indicators. The 4IR offers a potential solution to efficiently manage these impacts. Smart city ecosystems can provide well-designed, sustainable, and safe cities that enable holistic climate change and glo...

Direct Torque Control (DTC) of Induction Motors (IMs) is popular in motor drive applications because of its robust and simple control structure. The IM winding can be controlled on both sides using dual inverter technique which more effective for Electric Vehicle (EV) with a greater number of voltage vectors. However, the battery performance of the...

Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common musculoskeletal diseases and is usually diagnosed with medical imaging techniques. Conventionally, case identification using plain radiography is practiced. However, we acknowledge that knee osteoarthritis is a 3D complexity; hence, magnetic resonance imaging will be the ideal modality to reveal the hid...

Left ventricular adaptations can be a complex process under the influence of aortic stenosis (AS) and comorbidities. This study proposed and assessed the feasibility of using a motion-corrected personalized 3D + time LV modeling technique to evaluate the adaptive and maladaptive LV response to aid treatment decision-making. A total of 22 AS patient...

Background The advancement of biomedical research generates myriad healthcare-relevant data, including medical records and medical device maintenance information. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affects the global mortality rate, creating an enormous demand for medical devices. As information technology has advanced, the concept of intelligent...

Providing electricity to rural regions is difficult for developing countries, such as Iraq, particularly in remote parts without grid connections. The electrical demands of Zerbattiya, a community in southern Iraq near the Iranian border, are discussed in this paper. The proposed system includes wind turbines, solar panels, diesel engines, batterie...

This study describes the basic design, material selection, fabrication, and evaluation of soft pneumatic actuators (SPA) for lower-limb rehabilitation compression therapy. SPAs can be a promising technology in proactive pressure delivery, with a wide range of dosages for treating venous-related diseases. However, the most effective design and mater...

Medical device reliability is the ability of medical devices to endure functioning and is indispensable to ensure service delivery to patients. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) technique was employed in May 2021 to evaluate existing reporting guidelines on medical device reliability. The systematic searchin...

Cardiac health diseases are one of the key causes of death around the globe. The number of heart patients has considerably increased during the pandemic. Therefore, it is crucial to assess and analyze the medical and cardiac images. Deep learning architectures, specifically convolutional neural networks have profoundly become the primary choice for...

Most previous studies have neglected the potential of integrating structured data and unstructured workplace injury reports to perform a predictive analysis of occupational injury severity. This study proposes an optimized integrated approach for occupational injury severity prediction using multimodal machine and deep learning techniques. We used...

Medical device failure and maintenance records are essential information, as some nations lack dedicated systems for capturing this valuable data. In addition to making healthcare more intelligent and individualized, machine learning has the potential to transform the conventional healthcare system. Optimizing AI models in decision-making could mit...

Deep learning, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks, has demonstrated effectiveness in computer-aided diagnosis applications, including knee osteoarthritis analysis. Two of the most common tasks done in medical imaging are the segmentation and classification tasks. This research investigates the feasibility of multi-task models for volumetric...

Air pollution has become a serious issue and has continually increased since the half-decade ago due to globalization. Activities such as urbanization, industrialization, power plants, agricultural open burning and natural disaster such as wildfires are the key factors in air pollution. The air pollutants produced include particulate matter (PM10 a...

Malaria is a severe global health problem, with an estimated 241 million malaria infections and 627,000 malaria deaths globally in 2020. Hundreds of millions of blood films are examined annually for malaria, which includes manually counting parasites and infected red blood cells by a trained microscopist. Segmented red blood cells play an important...

Marine litter has been one of the major challenges and a well-known issue across the globe for decades. 6.4 million tonnes of marine debris per year is estimated to enter water environments, with 8 million items entering each day. These statistics are so worrying, and mitigation steps need to be taken for the sake of a sustainable community. The ma...

With the rising need for utilizing renewable energy instead of traditional energies in electricity generation across the world, a broad assessment of these energies' performance is required to make the most of them everywhere. This paper looks at the techno-economics of renewable energy resources for a distant health clinic in a rural location of s...

In today’s modern world, any community anywhere has the right to have access to a basic level of electricity. It is with this in mind that efforts are being made to provide electric power to even the most remote locations. Solar and wind energy are examples of renewable energy sources that are both clean and versatile. For a distant rural school in...

Forecasting the severity of occupational injuries shall be all industries’ top priority. The use of machine learning is theoretically valuable to assist the predictive analysis, thus, this study attempts to propose a feature-optimized predictive model for anticipating occupational injury severity. A public database of 66,405 occupational injury rec...

Barking is a form of vocal communication made by dogs. Each type of bark made by dogs has a distinct context. The classification of dog bark pattern will aid in the understanding of barking action. In this study, a machine learning algorithm is used to analyze the pattern of barking from two different dog species: Rajapalayam Hound and Kombai Hound...

Workplace accidents can cause a catastrophic loss to the company including human injuries and fatalities. Occupational injury reports may provide a detailed description of how the incidents occurred. Thus, the narrative is a useful information to extract, classify and analyze occupational injury. This study provides a systematic review of text mini...

Due to urbanization, solid waste pollution is an increasing concern for rivers, possibly threatening human health, ecological integrity, and ecosystem services. Riverine management in urban landscapes requires best management practices since the river is a vital component in urban ecological civilization, and it is very imperative to synchronize th...

Water quality analysis is essential to understand the ecological status of aquatic life. Conventional water quality index (WQI) assessment methods are limited to features such as water acidic or basicity (pH), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), and suspended solids (SS)....

Artificial intelligence researchers conducted different studies to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Unlike other studies, this paper isn't for early infection diagnosis, but for preventing the transmission of COVID-19 in social environments. Among the studies on this is regarding social distancing, as this method is proven to prevent COVID-19 to be t...

In this review, current studies on hospital readmission due to infection of COVID-19 were discussed, compared, and further evaluated in order to understand the current trends and progress in mitigation of hospital readmissions due to COVID-19. Boolean expression of (“COVID-19” OR “covid19” OR “covid” OR “coronavirus” OR “Sars-CoV-2”) AND (“readmiss...

Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) has been used to help monitor the integrity of the nervous system during spine surgery. Transcranial motor-evoked potential (TcMEP) has been used lately for lower lumbar surgery to prevent nerve root injuries and also to predict positive functional outcomes of patients. There were a number of studies that prove...

Environmental issues such as environmental pollutions and climate change are the impacts of globalization and become debatable issues among academics and industry key players. One of the environmental issues which is air pollution has been catching attention among industrialists, researchers, and communities around the world. However, it has always...

Non-uniform illumination and low contrast is an issue major issue for critical and sensitive images. Recently, researchers have shown an interest in solving this issue by proposing local contrast image enhancement methods to improve the contrast of certain regions of the non-uniform illumination and low contrast images. However, most techniques con...

Breast cancer is among the most common types of cancer in women and under the cases of misdiagnosed, or delayed in treatment, the mortality risk is high. The existence of breast microcalcifications is common in breast cancer patients and they are an effective indicator for early sign of breast cancer. However, microcalcifications are often missed a...

In the late December of 2019, a novel coronavirus was discovered in Wuhan, China. In March 2020, WHO announced this epidemic had become a global pandemic and that the novel coronavirus may be mild to most people. However, some people may experience a severe illness that results in hospitalization or maybe death. COVID-19 classification remains chal...

As part of promoting an eco-campus facility in University of Malaya, this project has developed an automated carbon sequestration monitoring system using few sensor modules and analysis of tree growth. The tree growths (i.e., diameter and height) has been monitored to quantify carbon sequestration. The calculated carbon sequestration is also compar...

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in aortic stenosis (AS) is known as an adaptive response affected by pressure overload as a result of the progressive narrowing of the aortic valve orifice. Both systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricular (LV) could be affected due to the structural remodelling as a sequel of AS. Therefore, this study...

Readmission manifests signs of degraded quality of care and increased healthcare cost. Such adverse event may be attributed to premature discharge, unsuccessful treatments, or worsening comorbidities. Predictive modeling provides useful information to identify patients at a higher risk for readmission for targeted interventions. Though many studies...

This paper presents a case study on surface water quality assessment at Merbok river, Kuala Muda, Kedah. The study provides an insight on the feasibility of environmental pollution monitoring through in-situ water quality measurement. The study was conducted in the span of five months from November 2020 to March 2021 where the water quality samples...

Transcranial motor evoked potential (TcMEP) is one of the modalities in intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) which has been used in spine surgeries to prevent motor function injuries. Studies have shown that improvement to TcMEP could be a potential prognostic information on the actual improvement to the patient after surgery. There is no objectiv...

The utilization of effective medical equipment significantly contributes to the quality of healthcare services. Breakdown of medical equipment can jeopardize healthcare delivery, maintenance expenditure, and resources. The implementation of equipment assessment for corrective maintenance throughout the equipment life cycle during the maintenance ph...

Walking speed is a powerful predictor of health events which are related to musculoskeletal disorder and mental disease. One of the established computerized technique which employed to perform the gait analysis is motion analysis system. This system allows researchers to perform quantification or estimation on human pose and body shape from multipl...

Breast cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer. Its aggressive nature coupled with high mortality rates makes this cancer life-threatening; hence early detection gives the patient a greater chance of survival. Currently, the preferred diagnosis method is mammography. However, mammography is expensive and exposes the patient to radiation. A...

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a deliberating joint disorder characterized by cartilage loss that can be captured by imaging modalities and translated into imaging features. Observing imaging features is a well-known objective assessment for knee OA disorder. However, the variety of imaging features is rarely discussed. This study reviews knee OA imag...

The remediation of heavy metal contaminated mangrove soil with proper washing agents is critical for reducing the harmfulness of heavy metal contaminated soil to the environment. This work is aimed to investigate the potential of natural-based deep eutectic solvents as soil washing agents. Choline chloride (ChCl) and two organic acids, lactic acid...

Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is envisioned as the cornerstone for future internet connectivity and information technology (IT) expansion. Due to its enormous address pool, extendable headers, high level of security, and mobility, IPv6 is positioned as the next-generation Internet Protocol. NDP is an integral component of IPv6 since it resolve...

The global pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused millions of deaths and affected the livelihood of many more people. Early and rapid detection of COVID-19 is a challenging task for the medical community, but it is also crucial in stopping the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Prior substantiation of artificial intelligence (AI) in var...

Feature-based retinal fundus image registration (RIR) technique aligns fundus images according to geometrical transformations estimated between feature point correspondences. To ensure accurate registration, the feature points extracted must be from the retinal vessels and throughout the image. However, noises in the fundus image may resemble retin...

The advancement of technology in medical equipment has significantly improved healthcare services. However, failures in upkeeping reliability, availability, and safety affect the healthcare services quality and significant impact can be observed in operations' expenses. The effective and comprehensive medical equipment assessment and monitoring thr...

Osteoarthritis (OA), especially knee OA, is the most common form of arthritis, causing significant disability in patients worldwide. Manual diagnosis, segmentation, and annotations of knee joints remain as the popular method to diagnose OA in clinical practices, although they are tedious and greatly subject to user variation. Therefore, to overcome...