Commentary

The author describes the scientific foundations and implications of a study on variant EPO and erythrocytosis.

This feature about a woman with device-detected atrial fibrillation offers a case vignette accompanied by two essays, one supporting the initiation of anticoagulant therapy and the other recommending continuation of antiplatelet therapy.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a complex and persistent medical challenge with major public health implications and a substantial economic burden worldwide.¹ Among patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations, the 1-year mortality is more than 25%, and the 5-year mortality is more than 50%; a substantial percentage continue...

A key function of leukocytes is their ability to migrate and extravasate into tissues, which is facilitated by cell surface molecules that promote adhesion to the vascular endothelium. The β₂ integrin molecule (also known as CD18) is the common component of four molecular complexes that play a crucial...

Intervention to reduce the levels of circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and its major protein, apolipoprotein B, is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. However, even with aggressive lowering of the LDL cholesterol level, the risk of cardiovascular disease is not eliminated. One...

Clonal hematopoiesis is the expansion of a genetically related population of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells that disproportionately contribute to blood-cell production.¹ Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is defined by mutations in genetic drivers of myeloid cancers, a variant allele fraction of 2% or more, and the...

The author describes the scientific foundations of a phase 3 study of brensocatib for the treatment of bronchiectasis.

Antiviral treatment of influenza is recommended as soon as possible for hospitalized patients and for outpatients who are at increased risk for influenza-related complications.^1,2 The Food and Drug Administration–approved oral antiviral agent oseltamivir is the most widely used antiviral medication for the treatment of influenza and for postexposure...

Bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis is the third most common chronic pulmonary disorder after asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.¹ Bronchiectasis has multiple causes and is characterized by recurrent and often chronic productive cough, lower airway infection and inflammation, and irreversible bronchial dilatation.² Irrespective of the...

In this NEJM Outbreaks Update, Editor-in-Chief Eric Rubin and Deputy Editor Lindsey Baden are joined by Indiana Commissioner of Public Health Lindsay Weaver to discuss the current state of avian influenza in Indiana.

A new report from the National Academy of Medicine proposes a research agenda to address climate-related health risks and data gaps, emphasizing equity, innovation, and interdisciplinary collaboration.

Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia that is encountered in clinical practice, with some 4.5% of the general population affected in the United States. It has been nearly 30 years since Haïssaguerre and colleagues discovered that atrial fibrillation was a triggered arrhythmia initiated by repetitive discharges originating from...

Two pandemics of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) are ongoing, and currently, we have no proven therapies. The pandemic caused by clade I MPXV is focused in central and eastern Africa, with sporadic, travel-associated cases identified in many countries. Clade II MPXV has caused more than 100,000 cases of mpox...

B cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis, yet in the Lupus Nephritis Assessment with Rituximab (LUNAR) trial, rituximab therapy did not improve clinical outcomes after 1 year of treatment.¹ The success of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in selected patients with refractory...

With the aging of the population, aortic stenosis affects a growing number of patients, with a prevalence of 12.4% among persons who are at least 75 years of age, among whom 3.4% have severe aortic stenosis.¹ Aortic stenosis is generally well tolerated for a prolonged period of time,...

Few procedures have gone through a decade of practice-changing clinical trials as impressive as thrombectomy for stroke. Beginning in 2015 with multiple trials showing a benefit with thrombectomy in early large-vessel occlusion, followed by the extended-window trials in 2018 and then the large core trials in 2023, it seemed that...

After decades of undergoing epidemiologic study, prostate cancer remains an enigmatic disease; the only established risk factors are older age, family history of prostate cancer, and African ancestry¹ (apart from uncommon cases among men with variants in the genes associated with hereditary breast cancer and the Lynch syndrome)....

Venous thromboembolism is a common complication of cancer and its treatments, and the incidence of recurrent thrombosis, serious bleeding, and death is higher among patients with this condition than in the general population. More than 20 years have passed since Lee et al.¹ reported the results of the...

A recent study shows how extrachromosomal DNA contributes to tumor heterogeneity and may drive cancer progression.

The National Academy of Medicine convened a workshop of experts and published a report that reviews the progress generative AI has achieved in health care and discusses future opportunities and challenges.