Review
1-20 of 281 results
- Unhealthy alcohol use is common and includes severe alcohol use disorder. Screening tests identify patients who may benefit from preventive counseling, medications, or more intensive intervention.
- FcRn protects IgG and albumin from catabolism, transports IgG across the placenta, and regulates IgG function. Blocking or augmenting FcRn can decrease autoimmune antibodies and enhance drug delivery.
- This review considers enteral nutrition in the context of disease-related malnutrition, provides evidence for the use of enteral nutrition in hospitalized patients, and discusses practice considerations.
- Acute otitis media occurs almost exclusively after a viral upper respiratory tract infection. Children with mild or moderate symptoms can be treated with antibiotics or closely observed.
- An estimated 263 million cases of malaria and 597,000 deaths from malaria occurred worldwide in 2023. Despite progress with vaccines and an increased number of malaria-free countries, malaria remains a formidable challenge.
- This review discusses challenges and pitfalls in the diagnosis and management of chronic cough that is unexplained after a complete evaluation or that is refractory to treatment for identified causes.
- Infertility is common, and the age of the female partner is the main predictor of live birth. Reproductive issues in men are common and can be effectively managed. In vitro fertilization is highly effective.
- One third of people worldwide have at least one micronutrient deficiency. National surveys provide cross-sectional data, but inferring causality between deficiency and disease is difficult.
- Medical, behavioral, and socio-structural factors contribute to poor health among people who are incarcerated. Health risks are magnified by conditions of confinement and lack of access to quality health care.
- Tubal ectopic pregnancy can be life-threatening. Management strategies include surgical treatment (salpingectomy or salpingostomy), medical treatment (methotrexate), or, in selected cases, expectant management.
- This review addresses the dimensions and mechanisms of food and nutrition insecurity, as well as assessment, populations at highest risk, and health consequences across diverse contexts.
- HLH, a cytokine-mediated hyperinflammation syndrome, causes fever, pancytopenia, and hemophagocytosis and is often fatal. Antiinflammatory agents, etoposide, and interferon-γ antibody are the main treatments.
- Sport-related concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury that resolves within weeks, but symptoms may persist beyond 1 month. Light physical activity and graduated aerobic exercise facilitate recovery.
- This review describes basic and translational research on the complex physiological processes of hunger, which regulate feeding habits and are influenced by socioeconomic, cultural, and behavioral factors.
- Open and endoscopic carpal-tunnel releases are commonly used as the definitive treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome. This video demonstrates these procedures.
- Several clinical and biologic methods are available to identify alcohol use disorder. Pharmacologic treatment is available, but it is underused.
- Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is noted for symptoms of heart failure, LVEF of at least 50%, and cardiac or structural abnormalities. Treatment includes diuretics and SGLT2 inhibitors.
- Accounting for approximately 350,000 deaths annually worldwide, cervical cancer is preventable with HPV vaccination and screening. Newer chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy techniques have improved survival.
- Chronic venous insufficiency is mainly due to venous hypertension, the cause of which can be structural or functional. Treatment is aimed at decreasing venous hypertension through conservative, nonprocedural management.
- This review focuses on DRESS, a serious drug-induced T-cell–mediated condition with marked cutaneous and systemic effects.
